Chapter 15
Comments on Bio-physics of Insect Flight
(Present and Future)
K. M. R. Achary, N. Chari, and Ponna Srinivas
Abstract In this last chapter, the recent studies have been summarized and the
probable future studies are discussed. Detailed flight study of parameter data has to be
collected and stored for biomimicking designs of aerial vehicles and flapping flexible
wings. This study needs a common platform of biologists, physicists, biochemists,
mathematicians, aerodynamic scientists, engineers from nanotechnology, MEMS
and Bionavigation experts. Biomimicking Navigation Methods for MAVs should be
explored with minimum weight and small size. Future magnetoreception and Radical
pair reaction studies (RPRM) may help in understanding the secrets of migration.
Keywords Electron transfer · Magnetoreception · RPRM · Cryptochromes ·
Bionavigation
Present Study
Flight of biological flier in nature is of special interest since it involves basically
morphological flight parameters, flight muscles and wing movements for developing
aerodynamic forces such as Lift, Thrust and Drag. The biological flight is mainly due
to flapping flexible wings with elastic fulcrum which contribute for rotatory motion
and a notable variable figure of “8” at the wing tip for development of aerodynamic
forces. Figure of ‘8’ helps directly in understanding wing motion having powerful
down stroke and a recovery upstroke and associated forces. The flapping flexible
wing of a flier develops all the aerodynamic forces together in contrast to rigid fixed
wing of an aeroplane. Chitin as a polysaccharide amine and Resilin as an elastic
protein polymer (4λ), at the wing base play important role in developing variable
K. M. R. Achary (B)
MRCET, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
N. Chari
Kakatiya Unviersity, Warangal, India
P. Srinivas
DR. B.R. Ambedkar Open University, Hyderabad, India
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
N. Chari et al. (eds.), Biophysics of Insect Flight, Springer Series in Biophysics 22,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5184-7_15
197